- Oita Prefecture has approximately 4,400 hot spring sources, accounting for over 10% of the national total.
- Geothermal power generation and greenhouse cultivation using hot spring steam from Beppu City are thriving.
- The local soul food 'Toriten' is said to have originated at a Western restaurant in Beppu in the early Showa period.
- Kabosu production accounts for over 90% of the national share.
- The prefectural emblem abstracts the kana character 'o' and resembles a hot spring symbol.
- Mejiron, the 2008 National Sports Festival mascot, currently serves as the prefecture's PR character.
- Usa Jingu Shrine is the head shrine of approximately 40,000 Hachiman shrines nationwide.
- The Ao no Domon (Blue Tunnel) in Yabakei was hand-carved over 30 years by the monk Zenkai during the Edo period.
- Oita Airport has been selected as a candidate site for Japan's first spaceport for horizontal spacecraft launches.
- Oka Castle ruins in Taketa City are said to be the model for Taki Rentaro's composition 'Moon over the Ruined Castle'.
- Hita City prospered as a merchant town where the Edo Shogunate's Saikoku Shuji-dai magistrate was stationed.
- It is the birthplace of the One Village One Product Movement, serving as a model for regional development worldwide.
- The Kuju 'Yume' Otsurihashi suspension bridge, at 173m high and 390m long, ranks among Japan's tallest pedestrian bridges.
- The prefecture ranks first in Japan for geothermal power generation and has one of the highest natural energy self-sufficiency rates.
- Nakatsu City is the birthplace of Fukuzawa Yukichi, with his former residence and memorial museum open to the public.